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Let's say you had one legit $20 and one really good photocopy of the same $20. If someone were to attempt to spend both the real bill and the imitation one, someone that took the problem of looking at both of those invoices' consecutive numbers would observe that they were the same number, and consequently one of them needed to be fictitious.

That isn't a perfect analogy--we will explain in more detail below. .

Once a miner has verified 1 MB (megabyte) worthiness of Bitcoin transactions, they are entitled to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was established by Satoshi Nakamoto, and is a matter of controversy, as some miners think the block size should be increased to accommodate more information.

Note that I said that verifying 1 MB worth of transactions makes a miner qualified to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who verifies transactions will get paid out.

1MB of transactions can theoretically be as small as 1 transaction (though this is not in any way common) or a few thousand. It depends on how much information the transactions consume.

In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to meet two conditions. One is a matter of work, one is a matter of luck.

2) You have to be the first miner to reach the perfect answer to some numeric problem. This process is also known as a proof of work.

The fantastic news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You might have heard that miners are solving difficult mathematical problems--that's not true in any way. What they are doing is trying to be the first miner to think of a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash")  which is less than or equal to the target hash.

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The bad news: Since it is guesswork, you need a good deal of computing power in order to get there . To mine successfully, you need to have a higher"hash speed," that is quantified in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).

If you want to estimate just how the original source much Bitcoin you can mine along with your mining rig's hash pace, the website Cryptocompare provides a very helpful calculator.

Either way a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from $500 into the tens of thousands.  Some miners--especially Ethereum miners--purchase individual graphics cards (GPUs) as a cheap method to cobble together mining operations.  The photograph below is a makeshift, high-tech mining machine.  The cards are those rectangular blocks with whirring circles.  Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the graphics cards to the metal pole.

ExampleI tell three friends that I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a piece of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't have to guess the exact number, they just must be the very first person to figure any number that is less than or equal to the number I'm thinking of.

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Let us say I'm thinking of the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they lose because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C guesses 12, then they have both technically came at viable answers, because 16<19 and 12<19. There is no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the target answer of 19. .

In Bitcoin conditions, simultaneous answers occur frequently, but in the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented that are equal to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will decide by a simple majority--51 percent --that miner to honour. Typically, it is the miner that has done the most work, i.e.

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The losing block then becomes an"orphan block." .

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Now imagine that I present the"guess what number I'm thinking of" question, however I am not asking just three friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I'm asking millions of would-be miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it is going to be extremely difficult to guess the ideal answer.

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The number preceding has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand so far. As you probably noticed, that number consists not only of numbers, but also letters of this alphabet. Why is that

In order to understand what these letters are doing in the center of numbers, let's unpack the word"hexadecimal."

As you knowwe utilize the"decimal" system, which means it's base 10. This in turn means that each and every digit has 10 possibilities, 0-9.

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